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INTERCULTURAL RELATIONS IN FRONTIER HETEROTOPIA
Abstract
Every culture exists and develops in imaginary spaces and real places. As rule these places are always incorporated into ethnic culture and history. Their formation goes along with the formation of the society they belong to. But there is also a type of places that represents by itself an inversion where different spaces or places are mixed together. These places were called heterotopia by French scholar M. Foucault. Some of them represent Utopia and others – Dystopia or Anti-utopia. There are no traditional relations in these places, because special laws and special cultural patterns dominate there. Frontier is one of such Heterotopic spaces. And intercultural relations in it take special forms different from mainstream or metropolitan society. The existence of several actors on Frontier who participate in these relations with their ethnic points of view and with special personal interests builds in Frontier heterotopia unique combinations of mixed patterns that bring to life new cultures, new ethnic groups, etc. They exist in a special cultural landscape different from their original societies. Very often due to these mixed landscapes (natural and cultural) the relations with other ethnic groups and other cultures take very tolerant forms. Cultural blending, transgression and even cultural trans-regression become a norm of cultural behavior in heterotopic space. In the situation of environmental diversity when every ethnic group occupy its ecological and economic niches the intercultural contradictions in the region are lowered to minimum and intercultural communication increases. Such situation we can observe in the Low Volga Region in the Russian Federation. But when newcomers interfere in this complex landscape then the contradictions begin between the former inhabitants and the newcomers.
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