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INSTRUCTOR OF SPATIAL ORIENTATION AS ONE OF THE DETERMINANTS OF SUCCESSFUL INCLUSION OF PEOPLE WITH VISUAL IMPAIRMENT IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC
Abstract
In the recent 10 years, the effort for inclusion of people with specific needs has become a significant all-society phenomenon across the globe. Etymologically, the term inclusion is derived from the Latin “inclusio”, which marks a process of acceptance and involvement into a whole or a unit. In case of people with specific needs, inclusion is especially associated with the area of education, possibly also with the processes of socialization, i.e. social inclusion. Our text focuses on the specifics of people with visual impairment in respect to inclusion. Independent motion of people with visual impairment is understood as a base for social autonomy. This autonomy is, however, not naturally provided, it is necessary to teach these people how to get round independently. As a person of high significance within the process of inclusion in general and also in respect to the art of getting round independently and orientate oneself spatially, is regarded the “instructor of spatial orientation”, who enjoys a rather specific position in the Czech Republic. From the above-stated follows a direct consequence. The text specifies and introduces the present status of the situation when the role of an instructor of spatial orientation is highlighted, shows the possibilities of performing this function and also provides an insight into teaching spatial orientation and independent motion both to children and adults with visual impairment. From the methodological point of view, this text represents an analysis of the current status of the field, with certain conclusions drawn in the hope of desirable inclusion.
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