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LEOPOLD CAROS CONCEPT OF SOCIAL SOLIDARISM IN POLISH ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL THOUGHT IN THE PERIOD 1918-1939
Abstract
The aim of the article is to analyse the theoretical basis of the idea of social solidarism proclaimed by Leopold Caro in Poland in the interwar period. Solidarism is for Caro a system different from liberalism and socialism. He contrasted the selfishness characterizing liberalism as well as Marxism and socialist collectivism with an economy for which the overriding values are the person, the common good and the ethical principles present in economic life. Such an approach entailed an interdisciplinary method with regard to the problem of shaping the political and social order consisting in combining ethical and sociological factors with economics. Solidarism emphasised the interdependence of people with each other, would limit freedom for the sake of fraternity, and build equal development opportunities for everyone. As one of the first economists in Poland, Caro also proclaimed the need for wide indirect and direct state intervention in the economy, through both traditional interventionist measures as well as the development of the state sector. The article uses descriptive and analytical methods appropriate for social history.
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