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THE LAST PERIOD OF EU FINANCING OF URBAN REVITALIZATION PROCESSES – OUTLOOK FOR POLAND AND POLISH MUNICIPALITIES
Abstract
The article deals with issues that EU Member States may face because of the temporal (periodical) nature of the funding that European structural and investment funds allocate to urban revitalisation (regeneration) activity. The discussion is illustrated by showing how Poland used revitalisation funding in the last budget programming period in the European Union (2014-20). The article is interdisciplinary in character, because not only does it present the legal and financial aspects of the problem under consideration, but also takes into account the special character of urban revitalization processes arising from their multidimensionality, long-term perspective and social aims. The legal side is explored using comparative and dogmatic methods and the financial aspects are analysed with an empirical method. The manifestation of the crucial importance that the European Union attaches to the comprehensive regeneration of degraded urban areas as a vehicle for developing the entire Community and for reaching the objectives of the Europe 2020 Strategy are EU's strategic documents approved by ministers from the Member States, especially the Leipzig Charter of 2007 and the Toledo Declaration of 2010. Another proof are the substantial financial allocations from European funds to urban regeneration activities that in the recent financial programming period were particularly large in the case of Poland. Multidimensional regeneration of urban areas is special in that it must have guaranteed financial sustainability in the long term, i.e., beyond the present horizon of financial support from the EU. All beneficiaries of EU's revitalisation funds (the Member States) must therefore be capable of prospective thinking, good planning, making careful choices of revitalisation projects, creating incentives for people to engage in revitalization processes, and choosing the right financial instruments. Putting together all these abilities is the only guarantee that revitalization will be successful and that it will help attain the objectives of the Europe 2020 Strategy.
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