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RELIGION FACING CURRENT CHALLENGES OF NIHILISTIC CULTURE
Abstract
Nihilism, through its “disturbing presence” (Friedrich Nietzsche), provokes the basic philosophical question of inner justification of existence. The question of being will be deepened and radicalised so that complete clarity of being will make way for the awareness of one`s dark and mysterious traits. Secularisation can be understood as an opportunity for reinterpretation of religion in a situation where nihilism, through its diagnosis, indicates the therapy of the world. In the research a basis question was posed: What kind of appeal does secularisation represent for life of a man in his dimension of transcendence? The method of hermeneutic analysis of the experience with the sacral was used to examine religion in the situation of weakened mind. The aim of the research is to re-evaluate the correlation between a myth and reason regarding the crisis of the meaning and legitimacy of life in the society. Four hypotheses of the above mentioned correlation by contemporary authors are stated in the paper: 1. Myth is paideia, educational institution that leads a man from negativity of analytical mind to synthetic vision of the world (Manfred Frank); 2. Myth enables a man to experience the uncontrollable dominance of being in the atemporal narrative dimension (Hans Blumenberg); 3. Polymythicality of various present narrations leads a man to readiness for negative events and for interpretative freedom (Odo Marquard); 4. The return to myth is a proof of the need of a man to get the answer to the last questions even after repudiation of unification rational doctrines (Leszek Kolakowski). The process of secularisation is interpreted as a cipher of contemporary human existence, as a hermeneutical knot, from which the metamorphosis of culture emerges.
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