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THE SHARE OF POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS AND SOCIAL VALUES ON CREATION OF POLITICAL CULTURE
Abstract
Study offers an attempt to a systematic and historical approach to the problematic of political culture on the case of Czech Republic. Czech Republic, as well as most of the countries of Central and Eastern Europe, we can still rank among countries in transition. Czech Republic belongs to this category not for incomplete economic transformation, but rather the still unfinished process of transition from non-democratic to democratic state, although certainly belongs to those, that are closest to democracy. The level of democracy depends on the level of political culture in the country and democracy depends on the level of perception of political institutions. Institutions should have a relatively stable, continuous nature, supporting stability of social values and continuity of the state. The relative stability of institutions promotes stability of value orientation, but changes of social values can also lead to changes of political institutions. If social changes take place gradually, then the political system maintain its balance, political institutions usually retains its credibility and respect, suggesting a high level of political culture. If changes take place suddenly, by external interference or repeatedly, trust in institutions usually decreases and fall as well as political culture. The institutionalization of the political system is one of the essential guarantees of democracy and shows the sophistication of public life. A brief outline of the historical development of social values, political institutions and political culture can contribute to a better understanding of the basic characteristics of political culture in the Czech Republic, which is the relativization and instability. The low confidence in political institutions is influenced not only by current status of political institutions but also by the social memory. Stable social values and political institutions have a crucial impact on formation of a democratic political culture. ItВґs not a coincidence that the institutions have bigger authority in the countries with more stable and continual development than the countries with interrupted history, where the role of personalities, messiah and saviours is still re-evaluated, Low institutionalization of public life as well as distrust of political institutions is a common symptom of non-democratic states.
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