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The purpose of this article is to prove the efficiency of innovative technology of teaching Russian as a foreign language, taking into account the specifics of precedent phenomena, i.e., units of discourse, which are understandable without additional explanations. The performed analysis made it possible to distinguish the following groups of precedent phenomena: autoprecedent phenomena (phenomena of the surrounding world); socially-precedent phenomena (known to every representative of a society); nationally-preced...

The article investigates the influence of the national-cultural specificity of speech behavior on the formation of expressive forms of address in the Russian language as well as in the Colombian and Costa Rican variants of the Spanish language. Groups of expressive addresses are distinguished depending on their semantic load, ways of transferring evaluativity and expressiveness; pragmatic factors affecting their formation and functioning are described, namely: evaluative-characterizing and emotivecharacterizing on...