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The paper considers the first stage of Finland's Russification. The period from 1899 to 1917 is often characterized in the national historiography as a long period of forced russification and oppression. The main methods of research were: review, classification of historical documents and scientific articles on this subject, statistical data analysis, generalization methods. The policy of the Russian Empire towards the Grand Duchy of Finland in late XIX – early XX centuries was named Russification of Finland. It...

The paper is devoted to a geopolitical and geo-economic interest of China in the Arctic Region, as one of the main trends in the modern Chinese foreign policy is transformation of political and economic grounds of todayВ’s world order. The presented research is targeted at finding and revealing causes of the given trend. The main methods of research for this trend are observation, review and classification of articles on this problem, statistical data analysis, methods of generalization and forecasting. The paper ...