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The objective of the article is to compare two sociological concepts of social reality. Both of them refer to modernity and itsВ’ characteristic phenomena, yet they define this reality differently. On the one hand, Anthony Giddens treats the modern times as the decadent (advanced) era of modernity, the so-called late modernity. On the other hand, Zygmunt Bauman notices that postmodernity (liquid modernity) contains certain features of modernity, which not so much constitute a new-quality epoch, but unmask its malf...

The article deals with social and legal problems faced by persons with Inborn Gender Identity Disorder Syndrome (IGIDS) in fulfilling social roles consistent with the perceived gender. It seems that the social functioning of these persons is extremely difficult, because disapproval of the somatic/phenotype sex hinders their self-fulfilment. Legal (formal) conditions of their social existence depend on medical procedures, which in turn are related with many diagnostic problems. In Poland, there is no specific diagn...