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Economic history of the Soviet period needs further study to understand the motivations and actions of the state leaders, as well as the response of the population and public institutions to the ensuing results. Soviet political economy was primarily a tool of ideology. The objective laws of economics were not considered, as reflected in the economic policy of the Soviet state. The Kosygin reform of the 1965 takes a special place among the numerous Soviet reforms. They were preceded by the period of political "tha...

This article shows how the developed, adopted and implemented by the Party and the Soviet power in 1929, regulations, resolutions and other acts marked the beginning of the new attack stage on the religious organizations when the state bodies in fact proceeded to their complete elimination. A particularly severe blow was inflicted on the Russian Orthodox Church. One of the main arguments of the outbreak of the anti-religious campaign was the accusation of the Russian Orthodox Church of being “counter-revolutiona...

The paper describes the image of the Russian Orthodox Church during the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945), reflected in school textbooks in contemporary Russia. On the basis of the content analysis the authors highlighted the main components of the image of Russian Orthodox Church during the period under review. First, we analyzed the total amount of pages devoted to the history of the Russian Orthodox Church during the Great Patriotic war in every textbook, we studied and counted the percentage of these pages with ...

The article evaluates the convergence-divergence of indicators of economic development processes in circumpolar countries. The object of the study is the indicators, which evaluate the economic processes in member countries of the Arctic Council: Denmark, Iceland, Canada, Norway, Russia, USA, Finland, and Sweden. The processes of convergence-divergence were researched in all eight member-countries of the Arctic Council based on statistics from 1990 through 2014. The following indicators, analyzing economic process...

Greenhouse gas emissions produced by agriculture, animal husbandry, fishery and forestry activities continue to increase, although not as fast as emissions produced by other human activities. The paper analyzes the impact of agricultural, livestock, fishery and forestry human activities on greenhouse gas emissions. The goal is to build a model of greenhouse gases being changed due to human activitiesВ’ factors. As a theoretical model the authors have chosen ADL-model (auto-regressive-distributed-lags-model), in wh...

The article is dedicated to finding the main features of the relationship between the church and the government during the first months of the Soviet power based on the analysis of the events in December 1917- January 1918 in Petrograd. That is where started a series of events, that accompanied the decree-laws concerning the church and religion passed by the new government. Based on a wide range of sources, the article shows the beginning of anti-religious persecution the Petrograd church went through, and outline...

The history of the organisation of trips to places of Military Glory of the partisans of the Leningrad region is discussed in the article. The very first routes were paved by veterans of the partisan movement. In the 60-70-ies of the XX century the Soviet Party authorities joined in the organization of memorial tourism. For tourists (especially for the young ones) dozens of routes related to the history of the Great Patriotic War were offered. They included not only the familiarization with the places of fighting ...