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The article considers the peculiarities of the location of wintering and winter pastures on lower reaches of Syrdarya and their differences from other regions. Wintering places were chosen on river valleys or near lakes, mountain hollows or between sand dunes with enough pasture places and protected from the wind. The size of winter pastures depended on the number of livestock and farm size. The places, where winter houses stood, passed by inheritance. Some Kazakhs used to live in nomad tents in winter. Many winte...

In the article the author on the basis of comparison of tamg signs on medievial Turkic tribes proves unity of their ethnohistorical and political development. The important role in moving of these tamg signs migratory processes and special mechanisms of formation of Turkic tribes, characteristic for a nomadic way of life have played. Thereupon the author comes to conclusion, that the generality of historical destinies of the Turkic people is defined by the unity of historical ways, since an epoch of ancient Turkic...