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Features of architecture of Abkhazian medieval one-apsidal hall temples are presented in this article. A small one-nave church is easy to build and it was important in the conditions of a need for fast and universal construction of temples. It is a reflection of local architectural preferences and the construction equipment as the local masters could build such temples, not owning difficult technologies of arch building. Besides, by means of a gradual extension of additional rooms the one-apsidal church was easy t...

Important component of fortification in system of resettlement of mountain societies were settlements. Concerning the main settlements in defense the natural factor had also defining value: - a remote location of the settlement (existence on approaches to him of natural barriers: - breaks, steep slopes, rocks); - existence of the circular review of the area surrounding the settlement; - existence of communications of the basic with seasonal settlements – the settlements located in even more hard-to-reach spots h...